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Cognitive psychology --- Social psychology --- Evolution. Phylogeny
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« La théorie de l'évolution s'est longtemps heurtée à une énigme qui, pour les créationnistes plus ou moins déclarés, avait valeur d'objection : comment les exceptionnelles capacités cognitives, sociales et culturelles des humains sont- elles apparues, démarquant notre espèce de toutes les autres ? Faute d'apporter une réponse étayée à cette question fondamentale, la symphonie de Darwin est restée inachevée. Kevin Laland s'attache ici à compléter les pages manquantes de notre histoire évolutive pour comprendre par quels processus le langage, la technologie, les sciences et les arts ont été possibles. À partir d'études expérimentales étonnantes menées dans le domaine de l'apprentissage social chez les animaux et d'analyses novatrices issues de la théorie des jeux évolutionnaires, cet ouvrage retrace la manière dont la faculté propre à l'humanité de complexifier et d'accroître continuellement son patrimoine culturel a évolué à partir de comportements d'apprentissage, d'innovation et d'imitation largement répertoriés non seulement chez les grands singes, mais également chez les oiseaux, les poissons ou les insectes. Il met ainsi en évidence la dynamique de coévolution entre gènes et culture par laquelle des compétences socialement transmises ont pu orienter de façon spectaculaire le cours de la sélection naturelle chez nos ancêtres. Ce récit captivant de l'origine de notre espèce renverse la perspective de la psychologie évolutionniste, qui envisage les phénomènes culturels seulement comme des réponses adaptatives à des circonstances extérieures, dans une relation causale à sens unique allant des gènes à la culture. Il montre que la culture n'a pas simplement émergé à partir de l'intelligence, mais qu'elle a constitué le principal moteur de l'évolution dans notre lignée. Autrement dit, l'esprit humain n'est pas façonné pour la culture, mais véritablement par la culture. »--Page 4 de la couverture.
Brain --- Cognition and culture. --- Evolutionary psychology. --- Human evolution. --- Social evolution. --- Social learning.
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Humans possess an extraordinary capacity for culture, from the arts and language to science and technology. But how did the human mind-and the uniquely human ability to devise and transmit culture-evolve from its roots in animal behavior? Darwin's Unfinished Symphony presents a captivating new theory of human cognitive evolution. This compelling and accessible book reveals how culture is not just the magnificent end product of an evolutionary process that produced a species unlike all others-it is also the key driving force behind that process. Kevin Laland tells the story of the painstaking fieldwork, the key experiments, the false leads, and the stunning scientific breakthroughs that led to this new understanding of how culture transformed human evolution. It is the story of how Darwin's intellectual descendants picked up where he left off and took up the challenge of providing a scientific account of the evolution of the human mind.
Cognition and culture. --- Human evolution. --- Social evolution. --- Allan Wilson. --- adaptive evolution. --- agriculture. --- alleles. --- animal creativity. --- animal innovation. --- animals. --- arts. --- asocial learning. --- behavioral development. --- behavioral differences. --- behavioral diversity. --- biological evolution. --- brain evolution. --- brain size. --- capuchin monkeys. --- children. --- chimpanzees. --- coevolution. --- cognition. --- communication systems. --- cooperation. --- cooperative mechanisms. --- copying. --- cultural activities. --- cultural drive. --- cultural evolution. --- cultural lineages. --- cultural practices. --- cultural processes. --- cultural production. --- culture. --- cultures. --- cumulative culture. --- dance. --- early language. --- environmental change. --- evolution. --- evolutionary feedback. --- evolved psychology. --- experimental investigation. --- experimental research. --- fish behavior. --- flexible model system. --- gene variants. --- gene-culture coevolution. --- high-fidelity transmission. --- human achievement. --- human civilization. --- human cognitive evolution. --- human culture. --- human evolution. --- human genes. --- human innovation. --- human intellect. --- human mind. --- human society. --- hunter-gatherer society. --- imitation. --- language evolution theories. --- language evolution. --- language generality. --- language. --- large-scale cooperation. --- life history. --- mathematical modeling. --- morality. --- natural selection. --- new behavior patterns. --- novel techniques. --- ratcheting. --- scientific community. --- sexual behavior. --- social learning. --- social life. --- sticklebacks. --- teaching. --- tradition. --- transmission fidelity. --- transmitted behavior.
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Many animals, including humans, acquire valuable skills and knowledge by copying others. Scientists refer to this as social learning. It is one of the most exciting and rapidly developing areas of behavioral research and sits at the interface of many academic disciplines, including biology, experimental psychology, economics, and cognitive neuroscience. Social Learning provides a comprehensive, practical guide to the research methods of this important emerging field. William Hoppitt and Kevin Laland define the mechanisms thought to underlie social learning and demonstrate how to distinguish them experimentally in the laboratory. They present techniques for detecting and quantifying social learning in nature, including statistical modeling of the spatial distribution of behavior traits. They also describe the latest theory and empirical findings on social learning strategies, and introduce readers to mathematical methods and models used in the study of cultural evolution. This book is an indispensable tool for researchers and an essential primer for students. Provides a comprehensive, practical guide to social learning research Combines theoretical and empirical approaches Describes techniques for the laboratory and the field Covers social learning mechanisms and strategies, statistical modeling techniques for field data, mathematical modeling of cultural evolution, and more
Learning in animals --- Social learning --- Psychology, Comparative --- Research --- Methodology. --- Animal learning --- Animal intelligence --- Learning --- Socialization --- Behavior, Comparative --- Comparative behavior --- Comparative psychology --- Ethology, Comparative --- Intelligence of animals --- Zoology --- Animal behavior --- Animal psychology --- Human behavior --- Instinct --- Aristotle. --- acquisition. --- animal culture. --- animals. --- asocial learning. --- behavior. --- behavioral repertoires. --- behavioral research. --- behavioral trait. --- biological evolution. --- causal modeling. --- child development. --- children. --- controlled diffusion. --- cultural evolution. --- cultural transmission. --- decision making. --- developmental methods. --- diffusion curve analysis. --- diffusion data. --- diffusion experiments. --- diffusion of innovation. --- diffusion. --- ecological hypothesis. --- experimental manipulations. --- fear. --- frequency-dependent biases. --- gene-culture coevolution. --- genetic hypothesis. --- group contrasts approach. --- hierarchical control. --- imitation. --- inadvertent coaching. --- innovation. --- laboratory experiments. --- learning heuristics. --- mathematical methods. --- meta-strategies. --- model-fitting approach. --- modeling. --- network-based diffusion analysis. --- neural circuitry. --- neuroendocrinological studies. --- neutral models. --- observational conditioning. --- observational data. --- observational learning. --- opportunity providing. --- option choice. --- random copying. --- reaction-diffusion models. --- research methods. --- response facilitation. --- social experience. --- social facilitation. --- social foraging theory. --- social learning mechanisms. --- social learning research. --- social learning strategies. --- social learning. --- social network. --- social transmission. --- statistical methods. --- statistical modeling. --- stimulus enhancement. --- success biases. --- translocation experiments. --- transmission chains.
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Can evolutionary theory really help us to understand human behaviour? This is an introduction to the science behind the works of Dawkins, Dennett, Wilson and Pinker. Including profiles of the major protagonists, the book provides a truly balanced account of evolutionary theories of human behaviour, and all their faults. Evolutionary theory is one of the most wide-ranging and inspiring of scientific ideas. It offers a battery of methods that can be used to help us understand human behaviour. Nevertheless, the legitimacy of this exercise is at the centre of a heated controversy that has raged for over a century. Many evolutionary biologists, anthropologists and psychologists have taken these evolutionary principles and tried using them to explain a wide range of human characteristics, such as homicide, religion and sex differences in behaviour. Others, however, are sceptical of these interpretations. Moreover, researchers disagree as to the best ways to use evolution to explore humanity, and a number of schools have emerged. 'Sense and Nonsense' provides an introduction to the ideas, methods, and findings of five such schools, namely, sociobiology, human behavioural ecology, evolutionary psychology, memetics, and gene-culture co-evolution. Carefully guiding the reader through the mire of confusing terminology, claim and counter-claim, and polemical statements, Laland and Brown provide a balanced, rigorous analysis that scrutinizes both the evolutionary arguments and the allegations of the critics. This is a book that will make fascinating reading for popular science readers, undergraduate and postgraduate students (for example, in psychology, anthropology and zoology), and for experts in one approach who would like to know more about the other perspectives. Having completed this book the reader will feel better placed to assess the legitimacy of claims made about human behaviour under the name of evolution, and to make judgements as to what is sense and what is nonsense.
159.9 --- 130.123.42 --- 130.123.42 Evolutie in de menselijke cultuur. Ontwikkelingsstadia van de mensheid --- 130.123.42 Metabletica. Leer der veranderingen --- Evolutie in de menselijke cultuur. Ontwikkelingsstadia van de mensheid --- Metabletica. Leer der veranderingen --- Psychologie --- menselijk gedrag --- comportement humain --- Evolutionary psychology --- Psychology --- Human evolution --- Evolution. Phylogeny --- Human ecology. Social biology --- Evolutionary psychology. --- Psychologie évolutionniste. --- evolutietheorie (darwinisme) --- théorie de l'évolution (darwinisme)
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"Most scientific explanations are causal. This is also the case in evolutionary biology, where the primary goals are to explain the diversity of life and the adaptive fit between organisms and their surroundings. Despite the central role of the nature of causation in evolutionary biology, the outstanding issues are rarely addressed. Evolutionary biology textbooks, for instance, hardly ever cover this topic. This edited volume brings together biologists and philosophers of science to provide a comprehensive treatment of evolutionary causation. The contributions clarify the nature of causation in the historical and contemporary representation of evolution, specify alternative perspectives and reveal their underlying assumptions, and seek ways of thinking about causation that will be helpful to formulate research programs in evolutionary biology. The volume will help to understand the historical roots of the contemporary view of evolutionary causation, the biological motivation for rethinking the nature of causation in evolutionary biology, and conceptual analysis of these phenomena in the broader context of the philosophy of causation."--
Evolution (Biology) --- Causation --- Philosophy --- Causation. --- Philosophy. --- Causality --- Cause and effect --- Effect and cause --- Final cause --- Beginning --- God --- Metaphysics --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Teleology --- Philosophy of nature --- Evolution. Phylogeny --- Evolution (Biology) - Philosophy
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La théorie de l'évolution s'est longtemps heurtée à une énigme qui, pour les créationnistes plus ou moins déclarés, avait valeur d'objection : comment les exceptionnelles capacités cognitives, sociales et culturelles des humains sont-elles apparues, démarquant notre espèce de toutes les autres ? Faute d'apporter une réponse étayée à cette question fondamentale, la symphonie de Darwin est restée inachevée. Kevin Laland s'attache ici à compléter les pages manquantes de notre histoire évolutive pour comprendre par quels processus le langage, la technologie, les sciences et les arts ont été possibles.À partir d'études expérimentales étonnantes menées dans le domaine de l'apprentissage social chez les animaux et d'analyses novatrices issues de la théorie des jeux évolutionnaires, cet ouvrage retrace la manière dont la faculté propre à l'humanité de complexifier et d'accroître continuellement son patrimoine culturel a évolué à partir de comportements d'apprentissage, d'innovation et d'imitation largement répertoriés non seulement chez les grands singes, mais également chez les oiseaux, les poissons ou les insectes. Il met ainsi en évidence la dynamique de coévolution entre gènes et culture par laquelle des compétences socialement transmises ont pu orienter de façon spectaculaire le cours de la sélection naturelle chez nos ancêtres.Ce récit captivant de l'origine de notre espèce renverse la perspective de la psychologie évolutionniste, qui envisage les phénomènes culturels seulement comme des réponses adaptatives à des circonstances extérieures, dans une relation causale à sens unique allant des gènes à la culture. Il montre que la culture n'a pas simplement émergé à partir de l'intelligence, mais qu'elle a constitué le principal moteur de l'évolution dans notre lignée. Autrement dit, l'esprit humain n'est pas façonné pour la culture, mais véritablement par la culture.
Social evolution --- Human evolution --- Social learning --- Cognition and culture --- Brain --- Evolutionary psychology
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Animal psychology and neurophysiology --- Fishes --- Cognition in animals --- Cognition chez les animaux --- Behavior --- Psychology
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